Parental styles and bullying behaviour, in adolescents and young adults: Moderating effect of personality

Catarina Pinheiro Mota, Mónica Costa, Mónica Pinheiro, Filipa Nunes

Abstract


The emotional nature and the relationship between parents and their children, characterized by the parental styles, display an important contribution to the psychosocial development of adolescents. The adolescent personality is shaped by their family environment and the relationship with their peers, which have a big significance to the future behaviour of the adolescents and young adults. The present study aims to analyze predictor role from parenting styles of both mother and father with the adolescent personality in different bullying behaviours, and also, evaluate the moderating role of personality traits on the association between parenting styles and bullying behaviours. The study sample consisted of 1,976 adolescents and young adults aged between 14 and 25 years old (M=17:22, SD=2.50). Data collection was performed using a self-report instrument. The results suggest the extraversion and conscientiousness traits as protective factors to the victimization and aggression behaviours, and neuroticism trait as an enhancer of these behaviours. The results will be discussed in light of Baumrind theory, assuming the importance of parenting styles for the personality and behaviour development in adolescents and young adults.

Keywords


Parental styles, Bullying behaviours, Personality.

References


Arnett, J. (2007). Emerging adulthood: What is it, and what is it good for?. Child Development Perspectives, 1, 68-73. Retrieved from http://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00016.x

Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11, 56-95.

Bertoquini, V., & Pais-Ribeiro, J. L. (2006). Estudo de formas muito reduzidas do modelo dos cinco factores da personalidade. Psychologica, 43, 193-210.

Binsfeld, A., & Lisboa, C. (2010). Bullying: Um estudo sobre papéis sociais, ansiedade e depressão no contexto escolar do Sul do Brasil. Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships, 4, 74-105. Disponível em https://doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.v4i1.44

Cerezo, F., Ruiz-Esteban, C., Lacasa, C. S., & Gonzalo, J. J. A. (2018). Dimensions of parenting styles, social climate, and bullying victims in primary and secondary education. Psicothema, 30, 59-65. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.360

Costa, P., & McCrae, R. (1992). Revised neo personality inventory and neo five factor inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

Diaz-Aguado, M. J., Arias, M. R., & Seoane, M. G. (2004). Prevención de la violencia y la exclusión social. Madrid: Instituto de la Juventud.

Fleming, M. (2005). Entre o medo e o desejo de crescer: Psicologia da adolescência. Porto: Edições Afrontamento.

Fossati, A., Borroni, S., & Maffei, C. (2012). Bullying as a style of personal relating: Personality characteristics and interpersonal aspects of self-reports of bullying behaviours among Italian adolescent high school students. Personality and Mental Health, 95, 86-95. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1002/pmh.1201

Hayes, A. (2016). The PROCESS macro for SPSS and SAS v2.16. Disponível em http://www.processmacro.org

Huver, R. M. E., Otten, R., Vries, H., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2010). Personality and parenting style in parents of adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 33, 395-402. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.07.012

Luk, J. W., Patock-Peckham, J. A., Medina, M., Terrell, N., Belton, D., & King, K. M. (2016). Bullying perpetration and victimization as externalizing and internalizing pathways: A retrospective study linking parenting styles and self-esteem to depression, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems. Substance Use Misuse, 51, 113-125. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2015.1090453

Marôco, J. (2014). Análise estatística com o SPSS Statistics (6ª ed.). Lisboa: Sílabo.

Martins, M. (2005). Agressão e vitimação entre adolescentes, em contexto escolar: Um estudo empírico. Análise Psicológica, XXIII, 401-425.

Martins, M. J. D., & Castro, F. V. (2010). How is social competence related to aggression and/or victimization in school?. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology, 3, 305-315.

Mitsopoulou, E., & Giovazolias, T. (2015). Personality traits, empathy and bullying behavior: A meta-analytic approach. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 2, 61-72. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2015.01.007

Nunes, F., & Mota, C. P. (2018). Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire – Adaptação da versão portuguesa de heterorrelato. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 27, 117-131. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v27n1.64621

Robinson, C. C., Mandleco, B., Olsen, S. F., & Hart, C. H. (1995). Authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting practices: Development of a new measure. Psychological Reports, 77, 819-830. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.819

Wilson, C. J., & Nagy, M. S. (2017). The effects of personality on workplace bullying. The Psychologist Manager Journal, 20, 123-147. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/mgr0000054

Zou, M. L., Ganguli, N., & Shahnawaz, G. (2014). Personality and connectedness as predictors of school bullying among adolescent boys. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 10, 249-270.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.1597

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Nº ERC: 107494 | ISSN (in print): 0870-8231 | ISSN (online): 1646-6020 | Copyright © ISPA - CRL, 2012 | Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 34, 1149-041 Lisboa | NIF: 501313672 | The portal and metadata are licensed under the license Creative Commons CC BY-NC